Аңдатпа
Qualitative translation is undoubtedly one of the main tools for transmitting not only the meaning in the text, but also the transmission of “feelings,” emotional coloring, style, means of expressiveness, correspondence of equivalents of phraseological units, expressiveness, etc. The translator faces some difficulties in translating languages belonging to different cultures. Without familiarity with the culture of the people, with their customs, time and era, the translator will not be able to convey the “picture” that was embedded in the original language. To make up for the losses and avoid distortion of meaning when translating, the translator uses a functional approach, given the function of the elements, looks for their functional analogue. Therefore, such shifts in expressions in translation are necessary for a holistic and adequate translation. It’s known, translation transformations play an important role in any language and culture, including English, so it is extremely necessary to know their use when translating from the source language to the translation language. This article identifies and justifies the use of lexico-grammatical transformations when translating from the source language into the translated language. The analysis showed and confirmed that it is lexico-grammatical translation transformations that have a greater frequency of use in translation than stylistic, morphological, syntactic and semantic transformations. Key words: literary translation, transformation, lexical transformations, grammatical transformations, the problem of translating literary texts.