Аңдатпа
The relevance of the study is due to the fact that this problem remains insufficiently studied. The purpose of the article is to study the annual “All-Subject Reports” of the military governors of the Fergana region as a source on the history of the socio-economic situation of the population of southern Kyrgyzstan in the late 19th – early 20th century. XX centuries. The content of the article is based on the application of the principles of historicism and objectivity. The study allowed the most complete disclosure of such a valuable historical source as the Reports of the military governors of the Fergana region, Lieutenant General A.P. Tchaikovsky and Major General G.A. Arendarenko for 1899, 1900, 1902 and 1903. The reports ... made it possible to give a more accurate description of the occupations of the nomadic and sedentary Kyrgyz population of the Fergana region, as well as talk about the penetration of commodity-money relations into the Kyrgyz economy; characterize the development of cotton growing, extensive grain farming, the development of agriculture and cattle breeding of the Kyrgyz population, schooling and beekeeping, the relationship between the local population and settlers; reflect the government’s policy regarding the colonization of the region. The disadvantages of “Reports ...” include the fact that they lack data on the development of handicrafts, industry, offshore industries, trade, ie. they do not reveal the whole picture of the socio-economic life of the Fergana region in the end of the 19th century XX centuries. Key words: Fergana region, The “Most Subject reports” of military governors, Kyrgyz, cattle breeding, agriculture, cotton growing, tax system, Andijan uprising, Russian-native schools.