Аңдатпа
The motor activity is a natural need for the development of human health, preservation and improvement of health at all times.Restriction of motor activity leads to negative functional and morphological changes in an organism, a decrease in mental and physical working capacity.Harmonization of motor activity and the professional setting of young people are very important in the course of the higher working process, when high demands are made not only on mental activity, but also on physical ability.Nowadays, there is a contradiction between the growing need for intensification of an intellectual labour and with a lack of motor activity, as a necessary condition for strengthening and maintaining health.Red blood cells in the body are highly specialized cells, the main function of which is associated with the presence of haemoglobin in them, which provides oxygen transfer.Red blood cells may break down during exercise.The red blood cell membrane is destroyed as a result of constant physical exertion, increased circulation or increased body temperature, and thus oxygen transport capabilities are reduced.There is a release of haemoglobin into the blood plasma: haemolysis.As a result of the destruction of red blood cells, a harmful compound is formed -hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ).It belongs to the active forms of oxygen; in the organism H 2 O 2 is destroyed by catalase.Catalase is widely distributed in the human and animal organism.Most of the enzymes are found in erythrocytes, liver, and kidneys.The function of the enzyme is to prevent the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, which has a detrimental effect on the cell components.A review of the literature reveals that there is enough of information on the effects of disease and unfavourable factors on erythrocyte destruction, but there is not enough data on the effects of exercise on this phenomenon.The aim of this research was to study the influence of the level of motor activity of students of a pedagogical university on the resistance properties of red blood cells and the activity of red blood cells membrane catalase. Materials and methods.The subjects of research were volunteer students of the first, second and third courses of KazNPU named after Abay.The age range of students was 19-21 years.In this series of experiments, we studied the structural and functional state of red blood cells' membranes of 40 students of different sexes, divided into two groups of 20 people.The male and female groups were divided into two subgroups of 10 people in each.The first group was with a relatively low motor activity, which was composed of students from various departments, and the second was with a relatively high motor activity (students studying in physical education department).The average amount of physical activity of students with relatively low motor activity was 4 academic hours in physical education classes.Blood was collected by taking venous blood of volunteer students into special tubes treated with EDTA at the end of the academic year.Studies conducted to determine changes in haematological parameters depending on the level of motor activity were performed on a "Sysmex XT-2000i" haematology analyzer and were based on the methods of hydrodynamic focusing, flow cytometry, and SLS haemoglobin.To analyze the reliability of data changes, Student's criterion (t) was applied.The difference was significant when p < 0.05.Our studies showed that students with low motor activity show a decrease in the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, which is most pronounced at 0.4 and 0.45 g / 100 ml NaCl.The resistance of red blood cell membranes to the peroxide radical is somewhat more pronounced among students with a relatively high activity of an average of 3.7% and 2.2% respectively in male and female groups.The activity of erythrocyte membrane catalase is also higher in among students with relatively high motor activity.