Аңдатпа
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension (HTN), otherwise known as high blood pressure (BP), is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. According to the Barker hypothesis, low birth weight (LBW) has a causal relationship to the origins of HTN. It’s now well established that the kidney does have a key role in pathogenesis of essential HTN: probably due to defect of sodium excretion (high salt diets cause an estimated 150 000 premature deaths in the U.S. each year). The aim of study: early detection of risk factors for arterial hypertension among young adults. METHODS: 788 medical students were screened for BP and questioned. We modified the K/DOQI questionnaire by adding and adapting some questions. Students who had BP > 140/90 mm.Hg (3-times measurement) or birth weight < 2500 g were included for further study. We tested them for albuminuria, SeCr and estimated GFR. Also, we marked students with family history for HTN, DM and CKD and analysed their salt-diet habits. RESULTS: The prevalence of high BP among medical students is 1.5% as it is usual in this age group. The prevalence of LBW-students is 6.2% and students with high BP and LBW simultaneously are 0.5%. The received results of laboratory tests and estimation GFR showed that the half of the young people with the high BP had hyperfiltration and half of them - decreased GFR. Everyone with high BP had albuminuria in urine. In the group of LBW-students approximately 70% had decreased GFR and 67% had albumiuia. According to the results of family history investigations, among all screened 39% have HTN family history, 10.7% and almost 3% have family history for DM, CKD, respectively. Unfortunately, our findings of salt-intake habits demonstrate that approximately 75% of Medical university students frequently use salty food and 45% of them salt in addition. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HTN among young people is 1.5 %. The number of students born with LBW is 6.2%. There is no clear link between LBW and HTN in young population group and follow up monitoring needed. Albuminuria have been found in everyone with high BP and 67% in LBW-groups. LBW can be considered as risk factor for HTN because of mild reduction of GFR in 70% of selected students. Glomerular hyperfiltration is more characteristic to high BP. Most of Medical University students are Salt-abused persons! Almost 75% of them regular or sometimes intake salty food and 45% -regular or sometimes take salt in addition. So, during examination of patients we should precise birth weight. Persons with LBW should be attentive regarding HTN and control BP more regular. Young people with hyperfiltration, albuminuria and reduced GFR follow up monitoring needed. The correlation between HTN and LBW demand further research in elder age groups.Medical students should reduce salt-intake, refuse from salt in addition, have healthy food and healthy lifestyle in order to prevent the development of hypertension.