Аңдатпа
Plant tissues typically contain a diverse complement of secondary metabolites that provide protection against various biotic and abiotic hazards. In this work phytochemical constituents of three Limonium species ( L. myrianthum , L. leptophyllum and L. gmelinii ) were elucidated and characterized. Chemical similarities among the three species were observed; however, each species displayed its differences. Myricetin and myricetin-3- O -L-rhamnopyranoside are present in all three species, while myricetin 3- O -(6″-galloylglucoside), and 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside were isolated only from L. myrianthum and L. gmelinii . In contrast to L. leptophyllum and L. myrianthum , L. gmelinii contained quercetin-3- O -α-L-rhamnopyranoside and myricetin 3- O -(4”- O -galloyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside, which were not found in other investigated species. All compounds were evaluated for their antifungal, antibacterial, antileishmanial and antimalarial activities. Compounds, 3,5,7,3',4',6'-hexahydroxyflavone, epigallocatechin-3- O -gallate, myricetin 3- O -(6″-galloylglucoside) and 1-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from L. myrianthum species showed significant activities against Trypanosoma brucei with IC 50 values of 7.97, 7.52, 8.32 and 8.35 µg/mL, respectively. The IC 50 value for the standard α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) was 3.88 µg/mL. In addition, both 3,5,7,3',4',6'-hexahydroxyflavone and epigallocatechin-3- O -gallate exhibited significant antifungal activities against Candida glabrata with IC 50 values of 6.83 and 4.96 µg/mL, respectively. The IC 50 value for the standard, amphotericin B, was 0.28 µg/mL. Myricetin, myricetin-3- O -L-arabinoside and 3- O -(2”- O -galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited potent cytotoxic activities against leukemia LH60 and K562 cell lines. This study resulted in the identification and isolation of medicinally and pharmacologically valuable secondary metabolites from the three Limonium species. Acknowledgements: We are grateful to the Government of Kazakhstan, and the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR), University of Mississippi, School of Pharmacy, USA for financial support. Also we are grateful to Dr. Melissa Jacob, Dr. Shabana Khan, and Dr. Babu Tekwani for performing antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial and antileishmanial bioassays.