Аңдатпа
ABSTRACT Underground mines are going deeper worldwide with increasing production of mineral resources and decreasing ore grade, and this fact is creating challenging conditions. This fact makes the research into mine seismicity problem paramount. This manuscript focuses on the study of seismic wave propagation in a single material medium imitating the conditions found in underground mines. Understanding how waves propagate in a medium is fundamental to better interpret real-time information for accurate rockburst prediction. For this purpose, a numerical model is developed to represent results from laboratory experiments in which a signal of AE is transmitted through the material to measure the arrival time at different sensors located in the sample. The objective of the model is to better understand the physics of wave propagation and attenuation in the medium, which cannot be directly observed in a laboratory experiment. The model will be further used for other materials and geometries to study seismic wave propagation. The study considers two configurations: the first is a solid granite cube and the second is a solid granite cube with an empty hole in the middle. These configurations are modeled in FLAC3D. The main assumptions are that materials are elastic, and the signal's waveform is sinusoidal. The study results showed wave propagation within a sample and quantified differences between modeled configurations. The model will be further used for other materials and geometries to study seismic wave propagation. INTRODUCTION With increasing production and depletion of mineral resources, underground mines are going deeper worldwide (Feng et al., 2019). Moreover, there are geotechnical engineering projects such as tunnels and underground laboratories located in very deep areas with complicated geology and ground conditions (Jiang, Feng, Xiang, & Su, 2010; Zhang, Feng, Zhou, Qiu, & Wu, 2012). Factors controlling seismic activity in the mine are not equivalent to those controlling the volume of the damage caused by seismicity. High stress is not the only factor causing seismicity; in fact, not all highly stressed areas are amenable to seismicity. There is a strong correlation between areas with a considerable decline in the volume of stored energy and seismically active regions. A threefold analysis is needed for the assessment of potential energy release that responds to mining works and major components of the analysis are stress, energy and loading system. Some of the conditions to be satisfied with seismic energy release from the rockmass are that (a) applied stresses have to exceed the strength of the rockmass, (b) a considerable volume of energy needs to be stored and released, and (c) energy release must be in a short period to initiate the dynamic, non-linear response of the rockmass (Kaiser, McCreath, & Tannant, 1996).