Аңдатпа
Pollution of the environment with metals such as lead, nickel, copper, titanium, and zinc is a worldwide public problem, as evidenced by the elevated levels in the blood of people living in polluted areas. The physicochemical analysis of the initial waste slags determined the phase and mineralogical features, as well as the elemental composition of the waste slags of lead production and refractory clays of the Sairam district of the Turkestan region. Thermodynamic studies of the calculation of the Gibbs energy of possible reactions of joint chlorinating roasting of non-ferrous and refractory metals have established the probability of reactions involving lead oxides, and nickel oxides in the presence of aluminum oxides, iron, and calcium chloride. An analysis of the obtained calculated data of the Gibbs energy showed that only in the high-temperature region is possible the joint chlorination of copper and nickel oxides in the presence of aluminum oxide, and in the presence of iron oxide, thermodynamic reaction 6 is likely. Mathematical planning of the experiment determined the technological parameters of the process, ensuring the extraction of nickel up to 94% when firing a mixture of slag and clay at 87-8%.