Аңдатпа
Introduction. Noncommunicable diseases remain one of the leading causes of morbidity, disability, and premature mortality worldwide. Strengthening health promotion and disease prevention at the primary healthcare level is considered a key strategy for reducing the burden of chronic diseases. Health Promotion Offices play an important role in implementing preventive interventions, health education activities, and counseling services. However, evidence on organizational factors affecting the effectiveness of these offices remains limited. Aim. To assess the activities of Health Promotion Offices at the primary healthcare level and identify factors associated with the effectiveness of preventive activities. Hypothesis. The perceived effectiveness of Health Promotion Offices at the primary healthcare level is associated with organizational conditions, resource availability, and workforce-related factors. Specifically, greater organizational barriers are associated with lower perceived effectiveness, whereas adequate resources and greater professional experience are associated with higher perceived effectiveness. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 1 April to 30 April 2026 among specialists working in prevention and socio-psychological support departments of primary healthcare organizations in Almaty, Kazakhstan. A total of 135 healthcare professionals participated in the study, including nurses, physicians, social workers, and psychologists. Data were collected anonymously using an online questionnaire distributed via SurveyMonkey. The questionnaire assessed organizational aspects of Health Promotion Offices, preventive activities, resource availability, interdisciplinary collaboration, professional development needs, and barriers affecting preventive practice. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s χ² test, and multiple linear regression analysis were applied. Ethical approval was obtained from the Local Ethics Committee of the Kazakhstan School of Public Health (IRB No. 491-2026). Results. The most common forms of preventive activity were the development and use of informational materials (25.2%), referral of patients to Health Promotion Offices (24.4%), and individual patient counseling (21.5%). More than half of respondents rated the organization of Health Promotion Offices as good (53.3%), while 76.3% reported that professional responsibilities were fully or generally well defined. Most participants considered material and technical resources sufficient (72.6%), although 29.6% reported a lack of methodological resources. A high need for additional professional training was identified, with 74.0% of respondents indicating a need for further education. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that preventive activity barriers were negatively associated with effectiveness (β = -0.229, p = 0.007), whereas specialist age was positively associated with effectiveness (β = 0.166, p = 0.048). Conclusion. The findings suggest that Health Promotion Offices are generally perceived positively by healthcare professionals; however, organizational and resource-related challenges remain. Resource availability, continuous professional development, and the reduction of organizational barriers may contribute to improving the effectiveness of preventive activities at the primary healthcare level.