Аңдатпа
In the paper it is noted that the even distribution of seed and granules of mineral fertilizers inside the soil allows increasing their efficiency and obtaining a potential crop yield. For an even distribution of seeds of grain crops, herbs and fertilizer granules inside the soil, the use of a universal conical scatterer is proposed. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the parameters of a universal conical scatterer, which ensures an even distribution of metered bulk and hard-flowing materials, in particular, seed and granules of mineral fertilizers inside the soil. The results of studies of the conical scatterer of an opener allow to establish that to obtain an even distribution of materials in the direction transverse to the translational speed it is necessary to cut an elliptical section of the scatterer. The cutting plane should be perpendicularto the translational speed (movement direction) at an angle between it and the central axis of the cone, lower thanΠ2. The optimal parameters of the conical scatterer are calculated on the basis of the evenness of the particle descending along the conegeneratrix. The revealed dependence of the particle falling time on the initial dimensions of the scatterer made it possible to establish its optimal parameters: the height of the cut-section 6-14 mm; the cone base diameter 100-140 mm. The universal conical scatterer can be used in any industry that requires even scattering of metered bulk and hard-flowing materials.