Аңдатпа
Introduction. The article considers the place names in the epic poem «Kobylandy batyr» as an important source of information that reveals the historical, geographical, socio-political and ethnocultural content of the epic space. The main object of the study is the role of Kyrly Kala, Syrly Kala, Bes Agash, Karaspan and other toponyms found in the epic in shaping the historical space. These epic toponyms are considered not only as artistic and spatial symbols, but also as evidence that preserves historical memory, concepts of ethnic territory, and political power relations. The relevance of the study is determined by the diversity of scientific opinions regarding the determination of the historical and geographical location of the cities of Kyrly and Syrly and their significance in explaining the historically multi-layered nature of the epic. The purpose of the study is to determine the function of toponyms such as the cities of Kyrly, Syrly, and Bes Agash in epic space and to conduct a comparative analysis of scientific conclusions regarding their historical localization. In accordance with this goal, the tasks were set to determine the connection of cities with socio-political and ethnic space, analyze the localization hypotheses of researchers, and compare them with archaeological and historical data. Research methods: historical-comparative, historical-toponymic, historical-geographical and spatial analysis methods were used. Conclusion: It is not enough to limit the cities of Kyrly and Syrly to one specific object; it is appropriate to consider them as multi-layered spatial markers preserved in the historical memory of the epic.