Аңдатпа
This study examines the transformation of the constitutional and legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the 2017, 2022, and 2026 reforms, as well as the stated prospects for further reform of the country’s state and political structure. The primary focus is on analyzing the redistribution of powers between the President, Parliament, and the Government, assessing the nature of changes in the system of checks and balances, and identifying their actual impact on the balance of power between the branches of government. Key amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and accompanying changes to constitutional law are examined, including adjustments to the powers of the President, the expansion of parliamentary oversight, and the institutionalization of individual elements of the political system. Particular attention is given to the legal status of the President, the Security Council, and the Kurultai. The author concludes that, despite the declared strengthening of the role of Parliament and the Government, the actual model of state power has retained a presidential-centric character, and a number of reforms have been primarily compensatory and transitional in nature, ensuring the manageability of the political system during the preparation and implementation of the transfer of power. The article also analyzes current trends in the development of political systems in the context of global instability and substantiates the thesis that the effectiveness of a form of government is determined not only by the level of democracy but also by the state’s ability to ensure stability and governance in times of crisis. Based on this analysis, proposals are formulated for improving constitutional legislation aimed at strengthening genuine parliamentarism while preserving the presidential form of government, promoting political competition, limiting excessive concentration of power, and ensuring a stable balance between the branches of government.