Аңдатпа
Objective. To study the population composition of immune cells that increase in the blood of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on postnatal days 14 and 28. Materials and methods. The population composition of blood cells was analyzed using the CIBERSORT digital cytometry method, which is based on a support vector regression algorithm to deconvolute the gene expression profiles of the bulk samples. The GSE220135 dataset from the GEO database was selected for analysis. From this GSE set, GSM samples with data for days 14 and 28 were chosen. The study included 65 samples obtained on day 14, of which 12 were from neonates with BPD and 53 were from control subjects. Among the samples collected on day 28, 13 were from BPD patients and 55 were from control subjects. Data analysis was performed using the GraphPad PRISM software (version 10.4.1). The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare immune cell populations. p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. On day 14 after birth, neonates with BPD showed a significant increase in blood neutrophil counts compared to the control group (mean rank in the BPD group – 21.67, in the control group – 10.29, p < 0.001). The number of activated CD4+ memory T cells was also higher in the BPD group (mean rank in the BPD group – 20.75, in the control group – 10.94, p = 0.001). On day 28, neutrophil counts remained elevated in the BPD group compared to the control group (mean rank in the BPD group – 24.14, in the control group – 10.56, p < 0.001). There was also a significant increase in eosinophil counts (mean rank in the BPD group – 21.21, in the control group – 12.83, p < 0.001) and resting mast cells (mean rank in the BPD group – 20.54, in the control group – 13.36, p = 0.03). However, on day 28, no statistically significant differences were found in the number of activated CD4+ memory T cells between the groups. Conclusion. The results of this study confirm the phased and complex nature of the immune response in BPD and contribute to a better understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this disease. Key words: immune cells, digital cytometry, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, very-low-birth-weight neonates