Аңдатпа
The article is devoted to the development and experimental verification of a technology for manufacturing a double-sided printed circuit board (PCB) under conditions of limited access to specialized industrial equipment. The relevance of the study is determined by the need for affordable methods of obtaining reliable PCBs for prototyping electronic devices, as most laboratories and individual developers cannot use professional milling or photolithography machines. In this work, the process of creating a control system for IGBT transistor modules of a bridge inverter based on a microcontroller was considered as the object of study. For circuit design and routing, the software environments Altium Designer and Sprint Layout were applied. The PCB was fabricated using the laser-iron transfer (LUT) technology, followed by etching of the copper layer in a ferric chloride solution. Particular attention was paid to the application of a protective solder mask of the LY-UVH900 type, which was cured under ultraviolet radiation, significantly improving the durability and visual quality of the board. The experimental stage included tinning, soldering of components, programming of the ATmega32A microcontroller, and debugging of the assembled system. The experiment confirmed that all solder joints were reliable, and no defects were detected after quality control of the conductive tracks. Testing of the prototype showed that the inverter successfully converted a DC voltage of 48 V into an AC voltage of ~220 V at an output current of 3–15 A, with a total power up to 3 kW. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach to PCB manufacturing is feasible, reliable, and can serve as a practical guideline for students, engineers, and hobbyists. The developed method expands the possibilities of experimental research and prototyping in educational laboratories and small workshops, ensuring acceptable quality of double-sided boards with a protective mask without the use of expensive professional equipment.