Аңдатпа
Soil salinization poses a serious threat to agriculture, as it causes soil degradation, negatively impacts crops, and reduces productivity. For Kazakhstan, the development of pasture livestock farming plays a key role in the country's economy, providing the population with essential food products. Soil salinization significantly reduces the forage value of pastures, as it leads to the displacement of valuable forage grasses by salt-tolerant weeds. A promising solution to this problem is the use of rhizobacteria, which promote grass growth in saline soils, thereby increasing the forage value of pastures. The aim of this study was to select salt-tolerant bacteria, study their ability to stimulate pasture grass growth under conditions of high salt stress, and create an effective association based on them to support growth in saline soils. Phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from saline pasture soils in the South-East of Kazakhstan, their salt tolerance was studied, and the most resistant strains were selected. It was shown that the bacteria actively fix atmospheric nitrogen and dissolve phosphates under salt stress. The ability of the bacteria to produce secondary metabolites (phytohormone and ACC deaminase), which relieve salt stress and promote plant growth, was established. Active bacterial strains were selected, and an effective association was created. Application of the association more than tripled the yield of green mass, which is an effective method for increasing grass productivity in saline pastures. Based on the bacterial association, it is planned to develop a biofertilizer for saline soils.