Аңдатпа
The research topic is aimed at creating hydrophobic and oleophilic textile materials based on cotton and mixed fabrics. The main goal of the work is to develop an effective method of chemical modification of textile fibers to increase their hydrophobicity and oleophilicity, which will solve the problem of insufficient sorption capacity and limited functionality of existing textile materials when treating water from oil pollution. In the course of the study, methods for processing fabrics with sodium silicate and potassium methylsiliconate were studied, which made it possible to control the hydrophobicity and oleophilicity of materials. The scientific significance of the work is to expand knowledge about the possibility of purposefully changing the surface properties of textile fibers and the effect of chemical modification on sorption characteristics. Practical importance is manifested in the creation of functional textile materials suitable for water purification from oil pollution and the creation of environmentally friendly sorbents. The research methodology evaluated the chemical treatment of fabrics, the ability to push water and oil, their moisture absorption and surface wetting resistance properties and the ability to absorb petroleum products. The main results showed that the processing of textile products significantly increases its hydrophobicity and oleophilicity, and cotton fabrics show the highest efficiency. A relationship is established between the concentration of the modifier and the sorption properties of the material. The results obtained confirm the controllability of the modification process and allow the developed materials to be used in industry. The contribution of the work is the development of a new method for obtaining functional textile sorbents with regulated properties that are important for ecology and industry.