Аңдатпа
ABSTRACT We present a multiwavelength study of the massive protocluster G286.21 + 0.17 (G286) using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) near-infrared (NIR) imaging and ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$(1−0) observations. The JWST images uncover a compact ($\sim$0.5 pc) hub-filament system (HFS), comprising a dense central hub connected by at least four converging filaments seen in absorption, along with multiple H$_2$ protostellar jets/outflows. The hub hosts the dense core G286c1. H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ emission confirms this HFS over [–19.2, –16.4] km s$^{-1}$, while the JWST images also trace prominent photodissociation regions surrounding H ii region A, powered by a B-type star. The identified H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ skeletons closely trace the major JWST absorption structures and show steep velocity gradients indicative of inflow. The radial distribution of ALMA 1.3 mm continuum cores exhibits power-law trends toward the hub centre. The core number density, surface density, and core mass follow $Y \propto r^{\alpha }$ with $\alpha _\rho$ $\sim$ –2.8 to –1.1, $\alpha _\Sigma$ $\sim$ –0.4 to –0.6, and $\alpha _M$ $\sim$ –0.7, whereas the core diameter remains nearly constant. Together with filament mass accretion rates of 7.6–11$\times 10^{-5}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, these results are consistent with competitive accretion, highlighting preferential core growth toward the hub. Increasing filament linewidths toward the hub imply gravity-driven inflow, but misaligned local velocity gradient and gravitational force directions along filaments point to a dynamically evolved system. The HFS likely formed through large-scale gas–layer interactions aided by compression from the adjacent H ii region. Overall, star formation in G286 appears to be regulated by filamentary accretion, competitive core growth in the hub, and stellar feedback.