Аңдатпа
Climate change mitigation and the sustainable use of natural resources are among the most pressing global challenges, requiring the accelerated deployment of renewable, resource-efficient, and low-carbon energy technologies. Countries with energy-intensive agricultural sectors and high dependence on fossil fuels play a particularly important role in this transition. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the agricultural sector generates significant volumes of organic waste from livestock production, while simultaneously facing challenges related to rising energy costs, environmental degradation, declining soil fertility, and socio-economic vulnerability in rural areas. Despite this, the systematic assessment of manure-based biogas potential under Kazakhstan’s specific agro-climatic conditions remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the renewable energy potential of biogas produced from livestock manure in Kazakhstan through an integrated experimental approach combining biogas compositional analysis with calorimetric determination of its heating value. Anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted on different types of livestock manure under controlled laboratory conditions using standardized batch digestion procedures. Biogas yield, methane concentration, and calorific value were determined in accordance with internationally recognized analytical protocols. The results demonstrate substantial variability in methane content and energy yield depending on manure type, reflecting differences in feedstock composition and biodegradability. The obtained data indicate a significant potential for decentralized biogas production in rural areas, enabling the conversion of locally available biomass resources into renewable energy. In addition to energy generation, manure-based biogas systems offer co-benefits including reduced environmental impacts, improved waste management, and enhanced nutrient recycling in agricultural systems. The findings provide a quantitative basis for the development and optimization of biogas technologies in Kazakhstan’s agricultural sector. The study supports the integration of decentralized biogas systems into national renewable energy and climate strategies, contributing to improved energy security, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and increased resource efficiency in rural regions.