Аңдатпа
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of the traditional Muslim education system, its structure, and the spread of the Jadid movement in Akmolinsk Province, which was part of the Steppe Region, at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. The study aims to assess the awakening of national consciousness and cultural-educational processes on Kazakh lands within a historical context. The article examines the number of Muslim schools and madrasas, changes in student enrollment, and, using statistical data from 1883–1908, illustrates the state of the traditional education system under the policies of Russification and missionary activity of the Tsarist government. The analysis demonstrates the dependence of the traditional Muslim education system on economic, political, and social factors, as well as identifies the prerequisites for the emergence of the Jadid movement: the reduction in the number of schools, restrictions on national education, and the need to implement new teaching methods. The research highlights the characteristics of the educational structure and the development of various types of schools in Akmolinsk Province of the Steppe Region, as well as the role of Kazakh society in the national spiritual revival. Moreover, the article analyzes the autonomous development of the Jadid movement in different regions, the level of support from the local community, and describes its social and cultural influence. The study enables readers to gain a deeper understanding of the structure and dynamics of the traditional education system, as well as the historical, social, and cultural aspects of the Jadid movement, not in a generalized form but from a regional perspective.