Аңдатпа
Decentralized Applications (DApps) are transforming the digital infrastructure but limited by the blockchain trilemma: scalability, security, and interoperability. The current platforms like Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain (BSC) and Solana make different trade-offs, often sacrificing decentralization for speed, or the other way around. This paper proposes a new hybrid model that combines Ethereum 2.0 PoS-enabled sharding mechanism, Layer-2 rollups, and a secure cross-chain interoperability mechanism using Threshold Signature Schemes (TSS) to optimize all three existing trade-offs simultaneously. A comparative analysis standardized the model against leading platforms, and empirical testing in a simulated environment demonstrates its efficacy. The results show a transaction throughput of 5,263 TPS, a gas fee reduction of approximately 78%, and robust security for cross-chain operations. These findings validate the model as a robust framework for developing high-performance, secure, and interoperable next-generation DApps.