Аңдатпа
This article focuses on the Saudi Arabia-US alliance. Its objective is to examine the sustainability of this alliance given the challenges it has faced in recent years. The paper uses an interdisciplinary approach that includes conceptual alliance theory, historical analysis, and factor analysis methods. The source base of the study consists of works on realist and neoliberal institutional theories, the concept of the balance of power and threats, as well as materials covering bilateral relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia in the context of the transformation of the international system. Based on the conceptual alliance theory, the article will consider the historical evolution of the relationship between the two states. Then, the article will examine the problems faced by the alliance and analyse the impact of these problems on the sustainability of the Saudi Arabia-US alliance. The literature on alliance theory for studying the problems and sustainability of relations between Saudi Arabia and the United States served as materials for the article. The problems faced by both states include the Arab Spring, the Iranian nuclear deal, and the civil wars in Syria and Yemen. Nevertheless, the alliance proved to be strong enough to overcome these problems and maintain strategic partnership. The relevance of this study is due to the importance of the US-Saudi alliance for maintaining stability in the Middle East and influencing global processes. Given the changes in the international system and the new configuration of forces in the region, the analysis of the strength and prospects of this alliance becomes important for understanding trends in international politics. The novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the US-Saudi alliance with an emphasis on the change in its strategic significance in the 21st century. Moreover, this article examines the influence of factors such as global energy changes, regional conflicts, and the strategic reorientation of the United States. The results of the study can be useful for predicting the further development of bilateral relations, as well as analysing the dynamics of international alliances in the context of a changing world order. The findings will allow us to better understand the mechanisms of alliance adaptation to external challenges and their role in maintaining stability in the Middle East.