Аңдатпа
Kazakhstan, being one of the ten countries in the world rich in oil fields, defines its economic development primarily with intensive oil production. As is known, oil and natural gas production, which goes through the stages of drilling, hydraulic fracturing, extraction, processing, transportation and disposal of wastewater, lead to significant environmental pollution with chemicals. Chemicals released during oil production have the potential of endocrine toxicants and are actively involved in the mechanism of pathological processes of the reproductive system. Having the ability to be included in the endocrine cycle, toxicants have a special effect on the physiological processes of the female reproductive system, leading to various pathological conditions. Most often, problems of conception and gestation are observed.The purpose of the study: to study the peculiarities of the occurrence and consequences of premature birth among women who have been living for a long time in the oil industry of Western Kazakhstan. Methods. Clinical research methods for women in labor and newborns. Clinical indicators of women in labor were obtained during a questionnaire and a study of the medical history in the Damumed system. The methods of the clinical study included the assessment of the body mass index of women in labor and registration of the trimester of pregnancy. Morphological examination of the placenta, hematoxillin-eosin staining, statistical processing. 40$VWDQD PHGLFLQDO\ɤ ]KXUQDO\L 9ROXPH RL 1XPEHU QRU HRPRUIThe results of our study showed that 20% of women of fertile age living in the region of the oil industry have a pathology of pregnancy and are prone to premature birth. In our study, the structure of the human placenta at different stages of pregnancy had its own characteristics due to the gradual differentiation of chorionic villi. At the same time, both in timely and premature births, the inflammatory process was mainly localized within the parietal plastic surgery and chorion. In case of premature birth, histological forms indicating a more widespread inflammatory process were recorded in a large number of observations. In the group of women with premature birth less than 28 weeks, placental tissue was characterized mainly by dissociated maturation of chorionic villi. At the age of 28-32 weeks, there was already a tendency for premature maturation of chorionic villi. And, unfortunately, in the 33-37 week group, pathological immaturity of chorionic villi and a picture of diffuse purulent chorioamnionitis were already noted.Conclusions. Our results confirm the available studies, which show that many chemicals used in oil and gas production processes can disrupt the functioning of hormonal receptors, the endocrine system and pregnancy development. Keywords: premature birth, placenta, chorionic villi, chorioamnionitis.