Аңдатпа
The traditional culture of the Kazakh people created the greatest examples of musical art. At present, the most relevant issues are such questions as how oral musical creativity was created, how it was preserved and transmitted from generation to generation, the impact of music on the human personality, etc. Since the XXI century there has been a realization of the indisputable value of traditional musical culture, its conceptual specificity and aesthetics, without which a holistic vision and understanding of traditional music is impossible. However, experience shows that long-term attempts to cognize the internal regularities of traditional musical cultures using analytical methods inherited by musical folkloristics from academic theoretical musicology do not always yield satisfactory results. This paper aims to deepen the understanding of the aesthetics of Kazakh traditional music, in particular, “anyz-kүui”, and to explore methods of its authentic preservation and transmission in contemporary society. The article analyses the main concepts of traditional musical culture and comprehends the fundamental characteristics of traditional music. The dynamics of music development and ways of functioning of music and culture are considered. The article presents traditional musical works and their sounds on musical instruments, which are able to have a physiological effect on the reserve capabilities of the organism and develop the creative potential of the individual. The impact of music on the human body as a whole has a therapeutic effect and affects the emotional, intellectual, social, aesthetic and spiritual, and moral qualities of a person. The article also consistently reveals the culturological role of oral tales through musical language, which in comparison with the verbal language “has a much greater impact on man, due to its direct appeal to the subconscious, which historically formed much earlier than logical thinking”. Oral poetic-musical art has survived only in its traditional form among Turkic peoples, so the performing tradition of storytellers is an indispensable part of storytelling activity. The authors focus their attention on the performing tradition of the narrators of the “anyz-kүui” kүishі. This issue has been addressed by many researchers, but not all the peculiarities have been brought up for scientific discussion. Therefore, considering this issue, the authors try to find out what specific features are used by the kүishі, expressing the content of the legend, and epic and interpreting the sound inherent only to the carriers of folk epic. This research is aimed at returning the element of traditional oral culture “anyz” to its historical and cultural bosom as an obligatory introductory (namely, literary) part of the presentation and performance of the traditional musical instrumental genre “күui”. The study of “anyz-kүui” will allow restoring the “lost historical memory” embedded in ancient legends and bylinas, as well as enriching the musical work with a deep theme, restoring also its programme literary content.